Question

1. after proteins are built, which organelle modifies and packages them for transport?

mitochondria
nucleus
golgi apparatus
endoplasmic reticulum

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each organelle's function:

• Mitochondria: Produce energy (ATP), not involved in protein modification/packaging.
• Nucleus: Contains genetic material, controls cell activities, not for protein modification/packaging.
• Golgi apparatus: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins (and lipids) for transport (either within the cell or for secretion).
• Endoplasmic reticulum (ER): Rough ER is involved in protein synthesis, smooth ER in lipid synthesis; neither modifies/packages for transport like the Golgi.

Thus, the Golgi apparatus is the correct organelle.

Answer:

Golgi apparatus (the option with "Golgi apparatus" as its text)