Question

61 multiple choice 2 points
which of the following is perceived by nociceptors?
pain
all of the above
smell
none of the above
sight

62 multiple choice 2 points
which is the primary neurotransmitter utilized at the neuromuscular junctions of skeletal muscle?
serotonin (5-ht)
norepinephrine (ne)
acetylcholine (ach)
dopamine (da)

63 multiple choice 2 points
what percentage of blood-derived fluid processed by the kidneys is excreted as urine each day?
75%
50%
25%
1%

Explanation:

Identify the function of nociceptors

Nociceptors are specialized sensory receptors that respond to potentially damaging stimuli by sending signals to the spinal cord and brain, resulting in the perception of pain. Smell and sight are detected by olfactory receptors and photoreceptors, respectively.

Identify the primary neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction

Skeletal muscle contraction is initiated when motor neurons release acetylcholine (ACh) into the synaptic cleft of the neuromuscular junction, binding to nicotinic receptors on the muscle fiber membrane.

Determine the percentage of filtered fluid excreted as urine

The kidneys filter approximately 180 liters of blood-derived fluid (filtrate) daily. Over 99% of this filtrate is reabsorbed back into the bloodstream, leaving about 1% to 2% (approximately 1.5 to 2 liters) to be excreted as urine.

Answer:

Question 61

• pain (Correct answer)
• all of the above
• smell
• none of the above
• sight

Question 62

• Serotonin (5-HT)
• Norepinephrine (NE)
• Acetylcholine (ACh) (Correct answer)
• Dopamine (DA)

Question 63

• 75%
• 50%
• 25%
• 1% (Correct answer)