Question

1. list and describe four functions of proteins.
2. why are nucleic acids essential to life?

Explanation:

• Function 1: Enzymes

Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. They speed up chemical reactions in the body. For example, amylase in saliva helps break down starch into simpler sugars.

• Function 2: Structural Support

Proteins like collagen provide structural support. Collagen is a major component of connective tissues (e.g., skin, tendons, ligaments), giving them strength and flexibility.

• Function 3: Transport

Hemoglobin is a protein that transports oxygen in the blood. It binds to oxygen in the lungs and releases it in tissues that need it.

• Function 4: Immune Response

Antibodies are proteins that play a crucial role in the immune system. They recognize and bind to foreign substances (antigens), such as bacteria and viruses, to help the body fight infections.

Answer:

• Enzymes: Biological catalysts speeding up reactions (e.g., amylase).
• Structural Support: Proteins like collagen for connective tissues.
• Transport: Hemoglobin for oxygen transport.
• Immune Response: Antibodies for fighting infections.