Question

1. identify the parts of the cell from a diagram or description. be able to explain the function of each cell part.

name the parts labeled a – i on cell i and j – o on cell ii, and provide a brief description of the function of each part.
cell type:
cell type:
organelle function organelle function
a. j.
b. k.
c. l.
d m.
e. n.
f. o.
g.
h.
i.

Explanation:

Step 1: Analyze Cell I (Animal Cell)

• A: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)

Function: Synthesizes proteins (has ribosomes attached, which make proteins, and RER transports them).

• B: Centriole

Function: Involved in cell division (helps organize microtubules during mitosis/meiosis).

• C: Golgi Apparatus

Function: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport (either within the cell or for secretion).

• D: Nucleolus

Function: Produces ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and assembles ribosomes (critical for protein synthesis machinery).

• E: Nuclear Membrane (Envelope)

Function: Separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm, regulates the passage of molecules (like RNA, proteins) between nucleus and cytoplasm.

• F: Cytoplasm

Function: Gel - like substance where organelles are suspended; site of many cellular reactions (e.g., glycolysis).

• G: Mitochondrion

Function: Produces ATP (energy currency of the cell) through cellular respiration (aerobic respiration occurs here).

• H: Cytosol (part of cytoplasm)

Function: Aqueous component of cytoplasm; contains ions, nutrients, and is the medium for metabolic reactions.

• I: Mitochondrion (same as G, likely a duplicate label or another mitochondrion)

Function: Same as G, produces ATP via cellular respiration.

Step 2: Analyze Cell II (Plant Cell)

• J: Cell Wall

Function: Provides structural support, protection, and maintains cell shape; made of cellulose (in plants), allows turgor pressure.

• K: Nucleus

Function: Contains genetic material (DNA), controls cell activities (e.g., growth, reproduction, gene expression).

• L: Vacuole

Function: Stores water, nutrients, waste products; maintains turgor pressure (in plant cells, large central vacuole); can also store pigments/toxins.

• M: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)

Function: Synthesizes proteins (with ribosomes) and transports them, similar to animal cell RER.

• N: Chloroplast

Function: Site of photosynthesis; converts light energy into chemical energy (glucose) using chlorophyll.

• O: Central Vacuole (or large vacuole, part of L? Or maybe cytoplasm - like, but more likely vacuole - related)

Function: If O is vacuole, same as L; if cytoplasm, same as F. But given plant cell structure, O is likely the central vacuole (large, stores water, etc.).

Answer:

Cell I (Animal Cell) Organelles and Functions:

Organelle	Function
B	Centriole - Involved in cell division
C	Golgi Apparatus - Modifies and packages molecules
D	Nucleolus - Produces rRNA and assembles ribosomes
E	Nuclear Membrane - Regulates nuclear - cytoplasmic transport
F	Cytoplasm - Site of cellular reactions, suspends organelles
G	Mitochondrion - Produces ATP via cellular respiration
H	Cytosol - Aqueous medium for metabolism
I	Mitochondrion - Produces ATP via cellular respiration

Cell II (Plant Cell) Organelles and Functions:

Organelle	Function
K	Nucleus - Controls cell activities, stores DNA
L	Vacuole - Stores water, maintains turgor pressure
M	Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - Synthesizes and transports proteins
N	Chloroplast - Performs photosynthesis
O	Vacuole (Central) - Stores water, nutrients, waste