QUESTION IMAGE
Question
- (25 points) a rectangular pen for a pet is under construction using 100 feet of fencing.
(a) express the area a of the rectangular pen as a function of x, where x is the length of the pen.
(b) for what value of x is the area the largest?
(c) what is the maximum area?
Part (a)
Step1: 确定矩形的周长公式
矩形周长\( P = 2\times(长 + 宽) \),已知周长\( P = 100 \)英尺,长为\( x \),设宽为\( y \),则\( 100 = 2(x + y) \)。
Step2: 求解宽\( y \)关于\( x \)的表达式
对\( 100 = 2(x + y) \)化简,两边除以2得\( 50 = x + y \),移项得\( y = 50 - x \)。
Step3: 确定面积公式并代入\( y \)
矩形面积\( A = 长\times宽 = x\times y \),将\( y = 50 - x \)代入,得\( A(x) = x(50 - x)= -x^2 + 50x \),其中\( 0 < x < 50 \)(因为长和宽为正)。
Step1: 识别函数类型
面积函数\( A(x)= -x^{2}+50x \)是二次函数,形式为\( y = ax^2 + bx + c \),其中\( a = -1 < 0 \),函数图象开口向下,顶点处取得最大值。
Step2: 求顶点的横坐标
二次函数顶点横坐标公式为\( x = -\frac{b}{2a} \),对于\( A(x)= -x^{2}+50x \),\( a = -1 \),\( b = 50 \),代入得\( x = -\frac{50}{2\times(-1)} = 25 \)。
Step1: 代入顶点横坐标求面积
已知当\( x = 25 \)时面积最大,将\( x = 25 \)代入面积函数\( A(x)= -x^{2}+50x \)。
Step2: 计算面积
\( A(25)= -(25)^{2}+50\times25 = -625 + 1250 = 625 \)。
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\( A(x)= -x^{2}+50x \)(\( 0 < x < 50 \))