Question

18 which of the evidence below would support the model shown by the image?
sphere of
positive
charge
negatively
charged
electrons
a a stream of positively charged particles mostly passes straight through a sheet of atoms
b a positively charged particle can be removed from an atom
c a negatively charged particle can be removed from an atom
d atoms release light in discrete colors after they absorb energy

Explanation:

The model shown is the plum - pudding model (Thomson's model), where electrons (negatively charged) are embedded in a sphere of positive charge. To support this model, we analyze each option:

• Option A: This is evidence for Rutherford's nuclear model (most of the atom is empty space), not Thomson's model.
• Option B: In Thomson's model, the positive charge is a continuous sphere. If a positively charged particle can be removed, it implies that positive charge is made of discrete particles, which goes against Thomson's model. Wait, no—wait, Thomson's model has a sphere of positive charge. But if we consider that in the plum - pudding model, electrons are the ones that can be removed (since they are like plums in the pudding). Wait, no, let's re - evaluate. The plum - pudding model has electrons (negative) in a positive sphere. The idea that a negatively charged particle (electron) can be removed (Option C) is consistent with Thomson's model because electrons are considered as particles embedded in the positive sphere and can be dislodged. Wait, no, let's check again. Wait, the plum - pudding model: the positive charge is a uniform sphere, and electrons are embedded. So, if a negatively charged particle (electron) can be removed from an atom, that is consistent with the model where electrons are part of the atom (embedded in positive charge) and can be taken out. Option B says a positively charged particle can be removed, but in Thomson's model, positive charge is a continuous sphere, not discrete particles, so removing a positive particle would not fit. Option D is about atomic emission spectra, which is related to Bohr's model or quantum models, not Thomson's. Option A is Rutherford's experiment. So the correct answer is C.

Answer:

C. a negatively charged particle can be removed from an atom