Question

1. water is heated until it moves into the atmosphere. this is an example of what process?

a. infiltration
b. evaporation
c. runoff
d. precipitation

1. without gravity, which of the following would happen to the water cycle:

a. evaporation would increase, leading to more precipitation.
b. runoff would become more rapid, causing widespread flooding.
c. water would no longer be pulled downward, disrupting the formation of clouds.
d. transpiration in plants would become more efficient.

Explanation:

Question 18

• Option A: Infiltration is water entering soil, not moving to atmosphere. Eliminate.
• Option B: Evaporation is liquid water turning to vapor (gas) and rising to atmosphere when heated. Matches the process.
• Option C: Runoff is water flowing over land, not moving to atmosphere. Eliminate.
• Option D: Precipitation is water (rain, snow) falling from atmosphere, opposite of moving into it. Eliminate.

• Option A: Evaporation depends on heat, not gravity. Precipitation (falling) needs gravity, so it wouldn't increase. Eliminate.
• Option B: Runoff is water flowing down (due to gravity). Without gravity, runoff wouldn't happen (no downward pull), so no rapid runoff/flooding. Eliminate.
• Option C: Gravity pulls water downward (e.g., for precipitation, runoff). Without gravity, water vapor in atmosphere wouldn't condense into droplets that fall (disrupting cloud formation and precipitation). This makes sense.
• Option D: Transpiration (water from plants) relies on gravity for water movement in plants? No, transpiration is about evaporation from leaves, but water transport in plants (xylem) uses cohesion-tension, but gravity still affects downward movement. Without gravity, transpiration efficiency wouldn't increase. Eliminate.

Answer:

B. Evaporation

Question 20