Question

1. true or false: by itself, crude oil can be used as a fuel.

a) true
b) false

1. crude oil must be ___ before it can be used as fuel.

a) filtered
b) pasteurized
c) strained
d) refined

1. what is kerosine made from?

a) animal fat
b) crude oil
c) olive oil
d) whale oil

1. why did people want to use kerosine instead of whale oil or animal fat?

a) kerosine does not make much smoke when burned
b) kerosine is not smelly when burned
c) kerosine was cheap compared to other oils
d) all of the above

Explanation:

• Question 13: Crude oil has impurities and different hydrocarbon chains of varying lengths. It cannot be directly used as fuel. It needs processing.
• Question 14: Crude oil is refined. Refining separates different components (like gasoline, kerosene, diesel etc.) based on boiling points. Filtering, pasteurizing (used for liquids like milk to kill microbes), and straining are not the main processes for crude oil to be used as fuel.
• Question 15: Kerosine is a product of crude - oil refining. Animal fat is used in other applications (like in some soaps or traditional lamps in some cases but not for kerosene production). Olive oil is for cooking etc. Whale oil was used historically (e.g., in lamps) but is not the source of kerosene.
• Question 16: Kerosine burns more cleanly (less smoke), has a less unpleasant odor compared to whale oil/animal fat in some cases, and was more abundant (hence cheaper in many contexts) as it came from the large - scale processing of crude oil.

Answer:

1. B. False
2. D. Refined
3. B. Crude oil
4. D. All of the above