Question

1. psychology can be defined as the discipline concerned with ____ and ____

○ mental processes and behavior
○ mental processes and childhood
○ attitudes and culture
○ biology and evolution

1. example of pop psych *

○ a. anything using the scientific method
○ b. phrenology
○ c. client centered therapy
○ d. using xanax to treat anxiety

1. which of the following is not one of the critical-thinking guidelines? *

○ look for over-simplification
○ looking for evidence in an arguement
○ accept all opinions as equally valid
○ look for bias

Explanation:

Question 1

Psychology is the study of mental processes (like thinking, perception) and behavior (actions, responses). "Mental processes and childhood" is too narrow (childhood is a sub - area), "attitudes and culture" relates more to sociology/anthropology, and "biology and evolution" is more for biology/evolutionary science. So the correct option is about mental processes and behavior.

Pop psych (popular psychology) often includes non - scientific or pseudoscientific ideas. Phrenology (studying skull shape to determine mental traits) is a pseudoscience and an example of pop psych - adjacent ideas. Using the scientific method is real science, client - centered therapy is evidence - based, and using Xanax for anxiety is medical/psychiatric practice (evidence - based). So Phrenology is the example of pop psych.

Critical - thinking guidelines involve analyzing arguments (looking for evidence, bias, over - simplification). But accepting all opinions as equally valid is not a critical - thinking guideline because some opinions may be based on misinformation, lack of evidence, etc. Critical thinking evaluates the merit of opinions.

Answer:

A. mental processes and behavior

Question 2