Question

the structure of dna
the steps of the dna ladder are made up of different kinds of chemicals.
these chemicals are represented by different and .
a single strand of dna is extremely long - of letters long.
dna spends most of its life up like a noodle inside the of a cell.
step 1: making rna

• amino acids live the nucleus in the
• special chemicals make partial copies of the dna code called
• rna looks like dna but is and missing one of its
• rna can fit through tiny in the nucleus

step 2: protein building

• rna travels to particles called
• ribosomes are protein machines
• ribosomes read the rna code letters at a time
• they grab amino acids and stick them together in a according to the genetic code

step 3: protein formation
(image: transcription and translation diagram with dna, rna, ribosome, protein)

Explanation:

DNA structure and protein synthesis key facts: DNA rungs have 4 bases (A,T,C,G) represented by letters; single strand is millions of letters long; DNA coils in nucleus. Transcription: Amino acids in cytoplasm, RNA (mRNA) is single-stranded, exits via nuclear pores. Translation: Ribosomes (protein-making) read 3-letter codons, link amino acids into chains.

Answer:

The steps of the DNA ladder are made up of 4 different kinds of chemicals.
These chemicals are represented by different letters and codes.
A single strand of DNA is extremely long - millions of letters long.
DNA spends most of its life coiled up like a noodle inside the nucleus of a cell.

• Amino acids live outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm
• Special chemicals make partial copies of the DNA code called mRNA
• RNA looks like DNA but is single-stranded and missing one of its bases
• RNA can fit through tiny pores in the nucleus
• RNA travels to particles called ribosomes
• Ribosomes are protein-making machines
• Ribosomes read the RNA code 3 letters at a time
• They grab amino acids and stick them together in a chain according to the genetic code